Thermal Conductivity Converter

W/(m·K) · BTU/(h·ft·°F) · cal/(s·cm·K) · kcal/(h·m·°C) · kW/(m·K)

Convert thermal conductivity units instantly — W/(m·K), BTU/(h·ft·°F), cal/(s·cm·K), kcal/(h·m·°C) and more. Essential for mechanical engineers, building physicists, HVAC designers and materials scientists working across SI and imperial specifications.

1 unit =
1 W/(m·K) = 0.57779 BTU/(h·ft·°F) | 1 BTU/(h·ft·°F) = 1.73073 W/(m·K) | 1 cal/(s·cm·K) = 418.68 W/(m·K) | 1 kcal/(h·m·°C) = 1.163 W/(m·K)
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About Thermal Conductivity Units

Thermal conductivity (symbol k or λ) quantifies how readily a material transfers heat by conduction — the higher the value, the faster heat flows through it. It is defined as the heat flux per unit temperature gradient and appears in Fourier's Law of Heat Conduction. Conversions between W/(m·K), BTU/(h·ft·°F), cal/(s·cm·K) and kcal/(h·m·°C) arise constantly when engineering teams work across SI and imperial standards, or when referencing legacy material datasheets from different eras.

🔬 SI Units — W/(m·K) and kW/(m·K)

The watt per metre-kelvin (W/(m·K)) is the SI unit of thermal conductivity, adopted under the International System of Units and now universal in engineering standards such as ISO 10456 for building materials and ASTM C177. It is the most common unit in modern material datasheets, simulation software (ANSYS, Comsol) and academic literature. The kilowatt per metre-kelvin (kW/(m·K) = 1,000 W/(m·K)) is used for highly conductive materials: diamond reaches ~2,000 W/(m·K), and graphene single-layer values above 5,000 W/(m·K) have been measured. Calorie-based units — cal/(s·cm·K) = 418.68 W/(m·K) — belong to the CGS system and appear in older physics and chemistry texts, particularly pre-1970 European and Russian research.

🏗️ Imperial & Legacy Units — BTU/(h·ft·°F) and kcal/(h·m·°C)

BTU per hour per foot per degree Fahrenheit (BTU/(h·ft·°F)) is the primary unit in North American HVAC, construction and building codes such as ASHRAE standards and US federal energy regulations. 1 BTU/(h·ft·°F) = 1.73073 W/(m·K). It directly feeds into R-value calculations, where R = thickness (ft) / k (BTU/(h·ft·°F)). The kilocalorie per hour per metre per degree Celsius (kcal/(h·m·°C)) appears in older European and Soviet-era engineering manuals and some food-processing equipment specifications: 1 kcal/(h·m·°C) = 1.163 W/(m·K). Both units remain common in equipment documentation for legacy industrial installations across the Americas and Eastern Europe.

Thermal conductivity vs R-value — the key distinction: Thermal conductivity (k) is a material property, independent of thickness. R-value (thermal resistance) depends on both k and the thickness of a specific layer: R = thickness / k. A material with low k is a good insulator, but a thicker layer of a high-k material can still achieve a high R-value. Building codes specify R-values; material suppliers list k values — this converter bridges the two.

Worked Examples

HVAC Specification
0.04 W/(m·K) × 0.57779 = 0.02311 BTU/(h·ft·°F)
Mineral wool insulation rated at 0.04 W/(m·K) converts to 0.0231 BTU/(h·ft·°F). A 100 mm (≈3.94 in) layer gives an R-value of R-1.72 (imperial), helping HVAC engineers check against ASHRAE 90.1 prescriptive requirements.
Copper Heat Sink
400 W/(m·K) × 0.57779 = 231.1 BTU/(h·ft·°F)
Copper's thermal conductivity of ~400 W/(m·K) equals 231 BTU/(h·ft·°F). Electronics engineers use this when sizing copper heat spreaders in power electronics operating under US-based thermal budgets specified in BTU/hr.
Legacy Datasheet Lookup
0.05 cal/(s·cm·K) × 418.68 = 20.93 W/(m·K)
A 1965 Russian materials handbook lists a steel alloy at 0.05 cal/(s·cm·K). Converting to SI gives 20.93 W/(m·K), allowing direct comparison with modern stainless steel grades (14–17 W/(m·K)) to verify the alloy specification.
Building Energy Audit
1.2 kcal/(h·m·°C) × 1.163 = 1.396 W/(m·K)
An older European building report lists dense concrete at 1.2 kcal/(h·m·°C). Converting gives 1.396 W/(m·K), which aligns with ISO 10456 values for normal-weight concrete (0.8–2.0 W/(m·K)) and confirms the material specification is valid.

Who Uses a Thermal Conductivity Converter?

🏗️
Building & Insulation Engineers
Convert between W/(m·K) from European material datasheets and BTU/(h·ft·°F) for ASHRAE-based R-value calculations on North American construction projects.
🔧
HVAC & Mechanical Engineers
Cross-reference duct insulation specs, pipe lagging materials and heat exchanger datasheets that may use different unit systems across international suppliers.
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Electronics & Thermal Engineers
Specify heat sink materials, thermal interface pads and PCB substrates — converting between W/(m·K) from Asian suppliers and BTU/(h·ft·°F) in US device specs.
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Materials Scientists & Researchers
Translate legacy CGS cal/(s·cm·K) values from pre-1970 literature into SI for comparison with modern measured data and simulation inputs.
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Industrial Process Engineers
Work with kcal/(h·m·°C) figures from Russian and Eastern European equipment manuals when maintaining or upgrading legacy heat-treatment and furnace systems.
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Engineering Students & Lecturers
Check textbook problems that mix unit systems — many classic heat transfer texts (Incropera, Cengel) provide worked examples in both SI and imperial units.

Mental Math Tips — Thermal Conductivity

W/mK → BTU

Multiply by 0.578 — or use the rough shortcut "divide by 1.73". So 10 W/(m·K) ≈ 5.78 BTU/(h·ft·°F). For insulation materials below 0.05 W/(m·K), the BTU value is always below 0.03 BTU/(h·ft·°F).

cal/s·cm → W/mK

Multiply by ~420 (exact: 418.68). A material at 0.01 cal/(s·cm·K) = 4.19 W/(m·K) — roughly the conductivity of stainless steel. The ×420 factor is easy to remember as "4.2 × 100".

kcal/h·m → W/mK

Multiply by 1.163 — nearly 1:1. A material at 2 kcal/(h·m·°C) ≈ 2.33 W/(m·K). For quick mental estimates just treat them as roughly equal, then add ~16% for the precise answer.

Frequently Asked Questions — Thermal Conductivity Converter

Multiply W/(m·K) by 0.57779 to get BTU/(h·ft·°F). So 1 W/(m·K) = 0.57779 BTU/(h·ft·°F). Conversely, multiply BTU/(h·ft·°F) by 1.73073 to get W/(m·K). This conversion is used daily by HVAC engineers working between SI and imperial specifications.
Common building material values: concrete 0.8–2.0 W/(m·K), brick 0.6–1.0 W/(m·K), timber 0.12–0.17 W/(m·K), glass wool insulation 0.03–0.04 W/(m·K), aerogel 0.013–0.021 W/(m·K), and steel 50 W/(m·K). Lower values indicate better thermal insulation.
Multiply cal/(s·cm·K) by 418.68 to get W/(m·K). So 1 cal/(s·cm·K) = 418.68 W/(m·K). This conversion appears when comparing older CGS-system laboratory measurements with modern SI specifications in materials science literature.
Thermal conductivity (k, in W/(m·K)) is a material property — how well it conducts heat regardless of thickness. Thermal resistance (R-value) is a property of a specific layer: R = thickness / k. A high k means a good conductor; a high R-value means a good insulator. Building codes specify R-values, while material suppliers list k values.
Multiply kcal/(h·m·°C) by 1.163 to get W/(m·K). So 1 kcal/(h·m·°C) = 1.163 W/(m·K). This unit appears in older European and Russian engineering standards and some food-processing equipment specifications from the Soviet era.
Diamond leads at ~2,000 W/(m·K), followed by silver at ~430 W/(m·K), copper at ~400 W/(m·K), gold at ~315 W/(m·K), and aluminium at ~237 W/(m·K). For engineering applications, copper and aluminium dominate due to their combination of high conductivity and practical cost-to-performance ratio.
kW/(m·K) is kilowatts per metre-kelvin — exactly 1,000 W/(m·K). It is used when expressing the thermal conductivity of highly conductive materials like diamond, graphene, or carbon nanotubes, where W/(m·K) values run into the thousands. 1 kW/(m·K) = 578 BTU/(h·ft·°F).