Convert density units — kg/m³, g/cm³, lb/ft³, lb/in³ and more.
| Unit | Name | Value |
|---|---|---|
| g/cm³ | Gram/Cubic Centimeter | 0.001 |
| kg/L | Kilogram/Liter | 0.001 |
| lb/ft³ | Pound/Cubic Foot | 0.062427818 |
| lb/in³ | Pound/Cubic Inch | 0.000036127298 |
| oz/in³ | Ounce/Cubic Inch | 0.00057803802 |
| t/m³ | Tonne/Cubic Meter | 0.001 |
Formula: tonne/m³ = kg/m³ × 0.001
Multiply any kg/m³ value by 0.001 to get tonne/m³.
Reverse: kg/m³ = tonne/m³ × 1000
Common materials — factor: 1 kg/m³ = 0.001 t/m³
| kg/m³ (kg/m³) | tonne/m³ (t/m³) | Material |
|---|---|---|
| 0.0001 kg/m³ | 1.000e-07 t/m³ | Near vacuum |
| 0.001 kg/m³ | 1.000e-06 t/m³ | Very low density gas |
| 0.1 kg/m³ | 0.0001 t/m³ | Low pressure gas |
| 1 kg/m³ | 0.001 t/m³ | Hydrogen gas |
| 1.225 kg/m³ | 0.001225 t/m³ | Air at sea level |
| 100 kg/m³ | 0.1 t/m³ | Light foam |
| 700 kg/m³ | 0.7 t/m³ | Wood |
| 917 kg/m³ | 0.917 t/m³ | Ice |
| 1000 kg/m³ | 1 t/m³ | Water |
| 1025 kg/m³ | 1.025 t/m³ | Seawater |
| 1600 kg/m³ | 1.6 t/m³ | Sand/gravel |
| 2700 kg/m³ | 2.7 t/m³ | Aluminum |
| 7850 kg/m³ | 7.85 t/m³ | Steel |
| 1.134e+04 kg/m³ | 11.34 t/m³ | Lead |
| 1.93e+04 kg/m³ | 19.3 t/m³ | Gold |
kg/m³ ÷ 1,000 = t/m³. Water = 1 t/m³.
1,000 kg/m³ = 1 t/m³, 2,700 kg/m³ = 2.7 t/m³ (aluminum).
t/m³ × 1,000 = kg/m³.
Compares material densities to optimize weight-to-strength ratios in product design.
Calculates dead loads from material densities for structural design in kg/m³ and lb/ft³.
Selects lightweight materials (aluminum, titanium, composites) based on density in g/cm³ or lb/in³.
Measures crude oil and drilling fluid density in kg/m³ or lb/ft³ for reservoir engineering.
Measures soil and rock bulk density in t/m³ for foundation and slope stability analysis.
Uses density in g/cm³ for solution concentration, specific gravity, and process design calculations.
Kilograms per cubic meter (kg/m³) is the SI unit of density, defined as the mass in kilograms contained in one cubic meter of a substance. It became the international standard with the adoption of the SI system in 1960.
Most physical and engineering tables express density in kg/m³: water = 1,000 kg/m³, air = 1.225 kg/m³, steel = 7,850 kg/m³, gold = 19,300 kg/m³. The kg/m³ is the base unit for Archimedes' buoyancy calculations and fluid dynamics.
Interesting fact: The density of the Sun's core is about 150,000 kg/m³ — 150 times denser than water. Osmium, the densest naturally occurring element, has a density of 22,590 kg/m³, nearly twice that of lead.
Tonnes per cubic meter (t/m³) equals 1,000 kg/m³ and is numerically identical to g/cm³ and kg/L. It is used in mining, geology, bulk materials handling, and geotechnical engineering where material quantities are measured in metric tonnes.
Mining and civil engineering use t/m³ extensively: crushed rock = 1.6 t/m³, sand = 1.5–1.7 t/m³, concrete = 2.3 t/m³, iron ore = 5.0 t/m³. Soil density (bulk density) is typically 1.2–1.8 t/m³ depending on compaction.
Interesting fact: The density of Earth's crust averages about 2.7 t/m³; the mantle 3.3–5.6 t/m³; the core 9.9–13 t/m³. The average density of the entire Earth is 5.515 t/m³ — about 5.5 times denser than water.
Converting kg/m³ to tonne/m³ is common in materials science, engineering, and manufacturing. SI units (kg/m³, g/cm³) are standard in scientific and metric engineering contexts, while Imperial units (lb/ft³, lb/in³) are used in US construction and aerospace. Water at 4°C = 1000 kg/m³ = 1 tonne/m³ — a universal anchor for density comparisons.
Exact factor: 1 kg/m³ = 0.001 t/m³. Reverse: 1 t/m³ = 1000 kg/m³.
All conversions use IEEE 754 double-precision arithmetic, accurate to at least 8 significant figures.